1,660 research outputs found

    Institutional issues in the CBFM-2 project

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    A wide range of institutional arrangements were practiced in the Community Based Fisheries Management project in phase-1 (1994-1999) and phase-2 (2001-2007). The project documents stated that there were three main fisheries management approaches; fisher-led, community-led and women-led, however this fails to capture the full diversity of approaches adopted by 10 project partners (including DoF) during implementation. As a part of the institutionalization process, 130 CBOs were developed and established under the project as clear legal entities. In order to achieve sustainable management of the fisheries, efforts have been made towards linking these communitybased organizations (CBOs) and local institutions in CBFM-2 sites. Four regional CBO networking committees and a central committee were formed. The central committee is now being officially registered. Project partner NGOs were the main agencies involved in the CBO development process. To improve the likelihood of long-term CBO sustainability, plans have been prepared and are being implemented for project phase-out and post-project sustainability. Another important process was cluster management in CBFM. Overall, it can be concluded that the establishment of CBOs as local level institutions, cluster management and CBO networks made a positive contribution towards project implementation and should help to ensure that CBFM approaches are sustained.Fishery management

    The future for fish in the food and livelihoods of the poor in Asia

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    This article is based on the study, Strategies and Options for Increasing and Sustaining Benefits from Fisheries and Aquaculture Production to Benefit Poor Households in Asia carried out under ADB-RETA 5945, and implemented by the WorldFish Center in partnership with nine participating Asian countries

    Non-Linear Analysis Of Reinforced And Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams

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    Reinforced/pre-stressed (RC/PC) concrete is one of the most commonly used construction materials. This composite material demonstrates a highly non-linear behaviour caused by, cracking, crushing, aggregate interlock, bond slip, dowel action, shrinkage, creep, etc. Because the behaviour of reinforced/pre-stressed concrete involves so many non-linear phenomena interacting with one other, the formulation of rational analytical procedures to describe this behaviour is very difficult Since the advent of the computer, powerful methods of analysis such as the finite element method and stiffness matrix method have been implemented to study and develop analytical solutions for the non-linear phenomena. However, the success of such analysis depends on a thorough understanding and modeling of the composite material behaviour.This study describes the development of a non-linear computer code used to predict the non-liner response of reinforced/pre-stressed concrete beams that are subjected to a combined axial force and bending moment The study discusses a new simplified approach, whereby the non-linear response is captured via a series of sequentially linear steps. The finite element approach with the stiffness matrix method were used to model the beam element structure and generate its stiffness matrix. A monotonic empirical model for the concrete's stress-strain curve has been implemented to predict both ascending and descending parts of the curve. An idealized bi-linear elasto-plastic in tension and compression model has been assumed for reinforcing and pre-stressing steel

    Development of human machine interface (HMI) with customized scada system for low voltage disrtribution automation system

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    This paper presents the development of customized distribution automation system (DAS) for secure fault isolation at the low voltage (LV) down stream, 415/240V by using the Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) distribution system. It is the first DAS research work done on customer side substation for operating and controlling between the consumer side system and the substation in an automated manner. Most of the work is focused on developing very secure fault isolation whereby the fault is detected, identified, isolated and remedied in few seconds. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) techniques has been utilized to build Human Machine Interface (HMI) that provides a graphical operator interface functions to monitor and control the system. Microprocessor based Remote Monitoring Devices have been used for customized software to be downloaded to the hardware. Power Line Carrier (PLC) has been used as communication media between the consumer and the substation. As result, complete DAS fault isolation system has been developed for cost reduction, maintenance time saving and less human intervention during faults

    Development of communication protocolbased on low voltage distribution automation system

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    This paper presents the development of a customer side distribution automation system (DAS) for operating and controlling low voltage (LV) down stream of 415/240V by using the Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) distribution system. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) based remote Terminal Unit (RTU) along power line communication PLC) system are used for DAS development that practically imulates the down stream distribution system functions in an automated manner. It is the first DAS research work done on customer side substation for operating and controlling between the consumer side system and the substation. Most of the work is focused on building Human Machine Interface that provides a graphical operator interface function to monitor the system. The Human Machine Interface of SCADA system is developed using customized software and an RTU microprocessor and its software implements

    Production of Neutralinos Via H0 Propagator From Electron –Positron Annihilation

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    The cross-sections ?,  in electron (e-) positron (e+) collision, are calculated over range of center of mass energy S for the proces

    Impact pathway analysis for research planning: the case of aquatic resources research in the WorldFish Center

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    In line with its mandate of poverty reduction and sustainable development, the WorldFish Center is orienting its research towards high impact scientific activity. Identifying such activities is the task of prospective impact assessment, in turn based on impact pathway analysis. The paper describes a framework for analyzing benefits from aquatic resources research, the relevant research categories, pathways to impact by category, and indicators along each pathway that can be estimated in order to quantify probable research impact

    Assessment of the impact of aquatic resources research by ICLARM: scope and methodologies

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    The importance of quantifying the economic returns to investments in aquatic resources research together with the social, environmental and institutional impacts of such investments is widely recognized among ICLARM's donors, trustees and beneficiaries. As with other Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) centers, ICLARM is being asked to provide specific accounts of the outputs of its research and their impact on farms and on fisheries, including their socioeconomic impact. Such impact information has become a necessary, though not sufficient, basis for setting priorities and allocating resources for research for the CGIAR centers. This paper discusses the types and methods of impact assessment relevant to ICLARM's work. A three-pronged assessment approach is envisaged to capture the full range of impacts: 1) ex ante assessment for research priority setting; 2) assessment prior to dissemination or adoption along with monitoring and evaluation; and 3) ex post impact assessment. It also discusses the objectives and scope for operational impact assessment of ICLARM's research

    Assessment of safety of water craft in Lake Kainji, Nigeria

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    Assessment of Safety of Water Craft in Lake Kainji was conducted. A total of 50 questionnaires were administered to five randomly selected fishing areas along the lake. The items used in planning a lake trip shows that 30.23% and 28.68% used pole and paddles, while 19.38% and 16.25% used outboard engine and bamboo stick respectively. Majority of the respondents (32.92%) used Styrofoam as a life saving facility followed by bamboo (Kala, 24.37%), while empty tanks/jerry can accounted for 15.85%, life bouy contributed 13.41 % of the life saving appliances. The major causes of accidents onboard include wave action/wind, free stump, overloading and stones in the lake. Others include wild aquatic animals and unskilled operators. 59.68% seek for help by shouting, while 32.26% by raising paddle up and whistle when seeking for help in boat in distress. Out of the respondents, 70.21 % maintained boats by washing regularly, while 29.79 by washing occasionally. Finally, recommendations were made on how to improve efficient maneuverability for fishing and transport boats in Lake Kainji

    Yield and nutritional composition of oyster mushrooms: an alternative nutritional source for rural people

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    In recent decades, minimizing the frequency of nutrient deficiency and malnutrition in rural areas of developing countries becomes an alarming issue. Oyster mushrooms are rich source of both macro and micro nutrients. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the yield of newly introduced oyster mushroom strains viz. Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC), Pleurotus flabellatus (FLB), Pleurotus florida (FLO), Pleurotus ostreatus (PO2 and PO3), Pleurotus ostreatus (HK-51) and Pleurotus geesteranus (PG1 and PG3) and to justify their nutritional values when grown in the climatic condition of Bangladesh. Strain HK-51 produced the highest amount of fresh sporophore (197.80 g). In contrast, the highest number of fruiting body was obtained from the strain FLO (82 g) followed by strain PSC (69 g). Strain PG1 has recorded the highest biological yield (278 g), productivity (55%) and biological efficiency (96%). Nutrient and mineral analysis of sporophore of strain PG1 showed protein (31.80%), lipid (3.6%), potassium (1.3 mg/100 g), phosphorus (0.8 mg/100 g), calcium (32 mg/100 g), iron (43 mg/100 g), magnesium (12 mg/100 g), copper (3.5 mcg/100 g), zinc (12.5 mcg/100 g) and manganese (2.3 mcg/100 g). This study showed that the strain PG1 performed well with regard to quality and productivity as compared to other strains. Hence, oyster mushroom strain PG1 is a potential cheap source of nutrients and minerals to combat socioeconomic problems including malnutrition, diseases linked to malnutrition, poverty reduction and agricultural diversity
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